Magazine-firearm.



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PATENTED OCT. 23, 1906.

J. M. GLOUGH.

MAGAZINE) FIREARM. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 6, 1901.

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PATENTED OCT. 23, 1906.

J. M. GLOUGH. MAGAZINE FIREARM.

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APPLICATION FILED MAR. 6, 1901.

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. BATBNTED OCT. 23', 1906. J. M. OLOUGH.

MAGAZINE FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 6, 1901.

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JEFFERSON M. OLOUGH. OF BELCHERTOWN, MASSACHUSETTS.

MAGAZINE-FIREARM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 23, 1906.

Application filed March 6, 1901. Serial No. 50.067.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JEFFERSON M. CLOUGH, a citizen of the United Statesof America, residing at Belchertown, in the county of Hampshire andState of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Magazine-Firearms, of which the following is a specification,reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

The invention relates to an improvement in .magazine-firearms,particularly to that class in which the strain incurred is taken in thedirect line of fire.

The object and nature of my invention will be readily understood bythose skilled in the art in the light of the following explanation ofthe construction shown in the accompanying drawings as an example forpurposes of explanation of one arrangement, from among others, withinthe spirit and scope of my invention.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is aside elevation ofmy improved firearm. Fig. 2 is a similar view from the opposite side,parts being broken away. Fig. 3 is an enlarged broken verticallongitudinal section of the gun, the action being closed. Fig. 4 is asimilar view with the action open. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of thebreech-bolt. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the locking device for thebreech-bolt. Fig. 7 is a vertical section of Fig. 6 on line a b. Fig. 8is an edge elevation of the arm for operating the firing-pin. Fig. 9 isa transverse sectional view of the breech-bolt on the line 0 d of Fig;5, the holding-arm being shown in elevation. Fig. 10 is a bottom plan ofthe breech-bolt. Fig. 11 is a longitudinal central section of thebreech-bolt, the firing-pin being shown in elevation. Fig. 12 is anenlarged section on linee f of Fig. 2. Fig. 13 is an enlarged section online 9 h of Fig. 1. Fig. 14 is a bottom plan of the upper section of themagazine. Fig. 15 is a top plan of the lower section of the magazine.

The firearm illustrated in the accompanye ing drawings is particularlyadapted to the use of rimless cartridgesthat is, (cartridges having adepression forward of their base without having a projecting rim.

Referring particularly to the drawings, 1 is a barrel, 2 a frame, 3 arear st.ock,.and 4 a reciprocating fore-arm.

The frame 2 comprises areceiver-section 6 and a magazine-section .7, aprojection 5 being formed at the forwardend of said rehorizontalalinement.

ceiver-section, into which projection the barrel 1 is tapped, as isshown. The receiver 6 is cut away at the upper right-hand portion, as at10, to provide for the ejectment of the shells, while the left-handportion 11 of the receiver terminates about on a line with the top ofthe breech-bolt, to be hereinafter described. The lower edges of thereceiver are rabbeted, as at 14 and 14 to receive the upper edges of themagazine section 7, and adjacent said rabbet 14. I

form a'longitudinal slotway 15, in which is slidably mounted aconnecting-rod 16. The forward end of this rod is suitably securedto thefore-arm 4, which fore-arm is slidably mounted on a rod 17, supported atits front end by a screw 19 and spaced from the barrel by a block 18,the rear end of the rod 17 setting in an opening 20, formed in theforward wall of the magazine-section 7.

The interior form and shape of the magazine and receiver sections issuchas to accommodate five cartridges of the required size, though thewidthof the sections is such as to compel said cartridges to lie instaggered relationthat is, no two of the cartridges in The mouth of there ceiver-section just below the operative plane of the breech-bolt isreduced in size to form shoulders 22 22*, which shoulders are preferably formed by curving the inner surface of the walls of thereceiver-section inward at this point, as clearly shown in Fig. 13. Thisconstruction serves to arrest the upward movement of the cartridges at apoint where a butt 24 of the cartridge 23 stands in an elevatedposition, so as to be engaged at the lower forward end of thebreech-bolt, as hereinafter-described.

The forward wall of the magazine is formed with an opening 25 to receivea bolt 27, adapted to pass through the magazine-wall 26 and engage thethreaded opening 29 in the edge of the front wall of the receiver, thebolt 27 also passing through and securing the rear end of the rod 17.

The receiver-section is provided with a" rearwardly extending tang .9,while .the,

magazine-section is provided with a rearwardly-extending tang 31.

jects rearwardly from the rear wall30 of the magazine. 1

The upper and lower tangs are designed to receive the gun-stock 3, thelatter. being.

j secured by a screw33, which passes through The tang 31,: is providedwith a trigger-guard 32 and pro.

an opening 34 in the upper tang 9 through the gun-stock 3 and throughthe opening 35 in the lower tang 31.

13 represents the breech-bolt, preferably rectangular in section andprovided with shoulders 39" on the lower side edges, which shoulders arearranged to rest upon project ing edges 12 and 12 formed interiorly inthe wall of the receiver, as illustrated in Fig. 13. The breech-boltoperates in a way or opening 36, formed between the upper tang 9 andlower tang 31, and is guided in its movement by a pin 38, projectinglaterally from the forward end of the breech-bolt and operating in agrooved way 37, formed in the wall of the receiver, which groove extendsdownward near its rear end to guide the forward end of the breech-bolt,through the medium of the means hereinafter described, in opening theaction. The forward portion of the groove 37 is shown by dotted lines inFig. 2. The breech-bolt is provided on its rear portion with an inclinedshoulder 45, while the upper tang in rear of the opening 10 in thereceiver is formed with an inclined shoulder 8, with which lattershoulder the shoulder 45 on the breech-bolt is arranged to engage tolock the action closed.

The forward face of the breech-bolt is pro' vided with a proj ectingflange 62, of sufficient width to admit the head of the cartridge.

The extractor spring 63, dovetailed at 64' carrier 56, havingalongitudinal ridge 57.

The under side of this 'carrier is provided with an internal pair oflugs or flanges 58, arranged toreceive and snugly hold one leaf of theoperating-spring 59, the bottom or lower leaf of which is removably'secured to the -magazinebottom 28 by the medium of lugs or inturnedflanges 60. By this construc tion the cartridge is fed upward toward thereceiver, the longitudinal ridge 57 of the carrier operating to hold thelower cartridge in manner to support the remaining cartridges oneslightly above the other in staggered order, whereby the top cartridgeis in position to be forced into the barrel by movement of thebreech-bolt in closing the action. In opening the action the breech-boltis retracted such a distance that the recess formed by flange 62 willslightly overlie the butt of the cartridge in the magazine, so that infeeding said cartridges the upper cartridge will be fed directly intothe recess in the breech-bolt.

The rear end 61 of the longitudinal ridge 5'7 will engage the forwardend of the breechbolt when the magazine has been entirely emptied,whereby to prevent closing of the action after the magazine has beenemptied.

. bolt at 41. bolt is cut away at one side to receive the lockingdevice, the construction being such into engagement. of the rear end ofthe breech-bolt under the influence of the parts described is producedby the screw 38 acting as a sliding guide for For establishing o erativeconnection between the fore-arm s ide and the breech-bolt and forswinging the rear end of the breechbolt to and from closed position andfor holding or locking the same in closed position I provide what I terma locking device 40, comprising a plate-like member (fully illustratedin Fig. 6) and pivoted to the breech- The rear portion of the breechthatthe locking device is flush with the side face of the breech-bolt. Thelower portion of the locking device is bifurcated to present the opening42 for the reception of the stud 43, projecting laterally from the rearend of the rod 16, whereby when the fore-arm is reciprocated the lockingdevice will assume operative and inolperative positions. A screw 38*,projecting aterally from the locking device, is adapted to be guided inthe moveway 37 in the receiver-wall, where y the rearward movement ofthe forearm from its forward position will depress the rear end of thebreech bolt from elevated closed position and disengage the shoulders 45and 8, as will be evident. The reverse movement of the fore-arm willforce the-shoulders Theupward movement the locking device, which latteris pivoted at 41 to the breech-bolt. By moving the lower or bifurcatedend of the locking device forward or backward under influenceof thefore- I arm the rear end of the breech-bolt is elevated or depressed, asplainly apparent from the rawings. To prevent accidental movement of thelocking device when the action is closed, I provide a spring member 46,having an upwardly-projecting lip 47 at its upper end and secured at 48at its rear end in the lower tang 31. The forward member of thebifurcated lower portion of the lockin device rides over the spring 46and in front 0 the lip 47 in closing the action, positively forcingdevice is rocked rearwardly and upwardly on its fulcrum 38" and itslower end de resses and slips rearwardly past the shou der or abutment47 on the spring 46.

'the shoulders 8 and 45 into engagement to I insure a completely-closedaction prior to the The firing-pin 53 is arranged for longitudi- I nalmovement centrally of the breech-bolt and is normally held back from thefiring p0- sition by the arm 48, pivoted at 49 to-the breech-bolt andprovided with a laterallyprojecting stud 50 to engage the depression 52in the side of the firing-pin. 'On the face opposite the stud 50 the armis provided with a stud 54, arranged to engage a recess 55' in thelocking device, whereby to withdraw the firing-pin from operativeposition in swinging the locking device to open the action.

For discharging the firearm I provide the hammer 67, pivoted at 68 andoperated by a spring 69*. The sear 69, pivoted at 70, is arranged to beoperated by the cam end 75 of the trigger 71, pivotally mounted at 72,the sear and trigger being normally held in inoperative position by aspring 73, secured to tang 31 by screw 74. trigger elevates the rear endof the sear and releases the hammer under the influence of the spring69, which then strikes the firing- It will be understood that the hammerdirectly underlies the breech-bolt, whereby the gun is cocked by openingthe action, and that the firingpin is not exposed to the contact of thehammer until the gun-action is completely closed. For maintaining afixed relation of the locking device or swinging bolt elevating anddepressing member 10 with respect to said breech-bolt during the forwardsliding movement of the breech-bolt and until said bolt reaches theposition from which its rear end is swung upwardly I provide alongitudinal recess 76 in the side of the breech-bolt, in which recessis pivotally mounted at 78 a spring-catch 77, having in its rear end anoffset to engage the forward edge of the locking device and lock or holdsaid device against forward swing independently of the breech-bolt whilethe breechbolt is being moved forward, as clearly shown in Fig. 4. Asthebreech-bolt is moved forward in closing the action the catch 77 contactswith the way in which the breech-bolt travels, forcing the catch inwardand permitting the locking device to assume a vertical position.-(Illustrated in Fig. 3.) During the reciprocation of the breech-bolt thestud or screw 38 of the member 40 slides in the the stud. When thebreech-bolt has reached its limit, of forward movement with its frontend seated in the barrel, the side wall of the receiver has pressed-thecatch or lock 77 in wardly from engagement with member 40. WVhile theparts are in this position, continued forward movement of the fore-armswings the lower end of member 40 forwardly on stud 38" as a fulcrum,thereby elevating the rear end of the breech-bolt through the medium ofpivot 41, the breech-bolt swinging on its stud 38 as a pivot. Duringthis operation the member 40 acts as a lever fulcrumedat 38 to whichpower is applied at 43 and to which work is applied at 41. A powerfulle- Pressure on the 'ver action is thus attained through the medium ofmember 40 in swinging the breechbolt up to closed position and indrawing the same down on the initial breech-opening movement.

An indicator 80 is provided on the lower side of tang 9 to indicate theposition of the hammerthat is, the cooked or uncooked condition of thegun. i

The operation of the structure will bereadily apparent from the abovedescription, taken in connection with the drawings.

a is any suitable ejector arranged in the wall of the receiver andadapted to spring into slot 7) to engage the head of the cartridge beingwithdrawn.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is I,

1. In combination, in a firearm, a frame comprising a receiver andhaving a longitudinal grooved way within the frame and extendedforwardly along the receiver, a breech-bolt movable within the frame andreceiver and having guiding means movable in said way, a locking devicepivotally connected to the breech-bolt and provided with alaterally-projecting stud arranged eccentric ally with respect to thepivotal connection between said device and bolt, and movable in said wayin which said bolt-guiding means is confined, and means applied to saiddevice for reciprocating said breech-bolt and for swinging said deviceon said stud as a fulcrum to raise and lower the breech-bolt.

2. In a firearm, a frame formed with a breech-opening and having arecoil-shoulder at the rear of the opening, a breech-bolt having arecoil-shoulder at its rear end, a locking-lever device pivotallyconnected. with the breech-bolt, a' groove formed in the frame, andstuds-projecting from the breech-,

3. In a firearm, a frame having a longitudinal groove, a recoil-shoulderformed in the frame, a breech-bolt having a recoil-shoulder and providedwith a stud to work in said groove, a swingable locking-lever devicepivoted to the breech-bolt and provided with a stud in rear of saidpivot and arranged to work in said groove, a sliding fore-arm, and a rodconnecting'said fore-arm and locking device to operate the breech-boltand swing said device and the bolt to engage and disengage saidrecoil-shoulders.

4. In a firearm, a frame, a reciprocating breech-bolt mounted to swingat its rear end, recoil-shoulders on the bolt and frame to be engagedand disengaged by said swinging movement of the breech-bolt, a grooveformed in the frame, a swingable locking de viee pivoted to the rear ofthe breech-bolt,- a fulcrum-stud prbjecting from said locking device toone side of the axis of said pivotal connection and work-ing in saidgroove,

means to detachably lock said device against swinging, a slidingfore-arm, and a rod connecting said fore-arm and locking device foroperatlng the latter to swing and slide the breech-bolt.

5.- In a firearm, a frame having an opening in its upper portion forminga recoil-shoulder at its rear, a sliding breech-bolt, a locking devicepivoted to the rear end of the breechbolt, a sliding fore-arm, and a rodconnected to the fore-arm, and to the locking device for operating thelatter for locking and unlock- .ing the bolt and reciprocating the same,said rod having a sliding connection with the locking device.

6. In a firearm, a breech-bolt having a longitudinal opening, afiring-pin movable with in said 0 ening, an arm pivoted on the breech-b0t havinga stud projecting therefrom and engaging the firing-pin, alocking device pivoted in a recess formed in the breechbolt, saidlocking device being provided with a recess to receive the stud on thearm, means for operating the locking device, and a spring-actuated catchpivoted to the breechbolt and operative to hold the locking device inposition to maintain an inoperative situation of the firing-pin.

7. In a firearm, a frame formed with a recoil-shoulder, a reciprocatingbreech-bolt having a recoil-shoulder, a locking device pivoted to therear of the bre ech-bolt,'said device bein provided with a stud for supporting and guiding the breech-bolt and formed with a slot,'a slidingfore-arm, a rod connected to the fore-arm and having a stud working inthe slot of the locking device, and means for yieldingly holding thelocking device, whereby o eration of said fore-arm will reciprocate theolt and carry the same into the frame;

8. In a firearm, a frame having rearwardextendi-ng tangs, areciprocating breech-bolt having ,a swing motion at its rear end forlocking and unlocking the same and mounted to retire between the tangs,an angular locking device pivoted at one angle to the bolt and carryinga projecting stud at another angle and ormed with a slot, a grooveformed in the frame in which said stud works, a sliding fore-arm, arodconnected to the forearm and having a stud to engage the slot in thelocking device, and means for holding the locking device in verticalosition;

9. In a firearm, a frame o'rmed with an opening and comprising an uppertang anda lower tang, the frame being provided with a recoil-shoulder, abreech-bolt provided with a pivoted spring-actuated projection at .therear oi the bolt, means for elevating and depressing-the rear of thebreech-bolt into and out of locking engagement with s id recoil shouldera groove formed in the upper tang for guiding the breech-bolt, and asliding fore-arm and connecting mechanism.

10. In combin ,tion, in a firearm, a frame comprising a receiver andformed with a slidewty extending rearwardly therefrom, a breech-boltmovable in the frame and receiver, a swinging locking-lever pivoted to sM bolt and depending therefrom, breech bolt-operating means applied to s,id lever, said lever having fulcrum means arranged eccentriczzlly withrespect to the pivotal connection between the bolt and lever andconfined and slidable in s .id groove, and means to detachably hold saidlever against -swing- 1ng.

11. In a firearm, in combination, a reciprocating and vertically-movablebreechbolt,

a frame having a longitudinal slideway, a lever member having a fulcrumworking in said slideway, a pivotal operative connection between saidmember and the rear portion of said bolt for raisin and lowering therear end of the bolt as sai' member rocks on said fulcrum, means forholding said member against rocking when in certain positions andoperating mechanism for rocking said member on said fulcrum to raise orlower the rear end of said breech-bolt, substantially as described.

12. In a firearm, in combination, a frame, a reciprocating andvertically swingable breech-bolt, a lever member moving with the bolt, apivotal bolt-swinging connection be tween said member and bolt having afixed axis with respect to said bolt and member, said member having afulcrum working within the frame and on which said member swings toraise and lower the rear end of the bolt, detachable means for holdingsaid member against swinging and bolt-operating mechanism applied tosaid member for swinging the same and for reciprocating the bolt,substantially as described.

13. In a firearm, in combination, a frame having a longitudinals'lideway, a reciprocat ing breech-bolt, a lever member pivotally joinedthereto on a fixed axis, and provided with a fulcrum working in'saidslideway and determining the vertical position of the rear end ofthe bolt, means holding said member against swinging on said fulcrumduring a portion of the movement of the bolt, and bolt-operatingmechanism applied to said member for reciprocating the bolt and forswinging said member on said fulcrum to raise andlower the rear of thebolt, substantially as described.

14. In a firearm, in combination, having a longitudinal slideway, rrecipi coata frame mg breech-bolt, a lever member carried by said boltand provided with a fulcrum worksaid member being vertically slotted,and a fore-arm provided with a slide having a stud confined in saidslot, substantially as described.

15. In a firearm, in combination, a frame, having a longitudinalslideway, a reciprocating breech bolt, a lever member carried therebyand movable therewith and provided with a fulcrum working in saidslideway, a movable catch carried by said bolt to engzge and preventforward swing of s;.id member during the forward stroke of said bolt,and bolt reciprocating and member swinging mechanism applied to so idmember.

16. In a firearm, in combination, a frame, a reciprocating breech-bolt,a lever member coupled to and carriedthereby and provided with a fulcrumworking in the frame, mesns to prevent independent forward swing of saidmember during the forward movement of said bolt and to permit forwardswing of said member to elevate the rear end of the bolt when said boltreaches its limit of forward movement, and bolt-reciprocating andlever-swinging means applied to said member, substantially as described.

17. In a firearm, in combination, a frame, a reciprocating breech-bolt,a longitudinal firing-pin therein, a lever member pivotzvlly joined toszid bolt and provided with a stud working in the frame, an arm pivotedto the breech-bolt and controlled and actuated by SLiCl member andcontrolling the position of the firing-pin when the bolt is unlocked,and bolt-reciproceting mechanism applied to said member, substantiallyas described.

In testimony whereof I affiX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JEFFERSON M. OLOUGH.

